<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter F. Dominey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventre-Dominey, Jocelyne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. Broussolle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeannerod, Marc</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analogical transfer is effective in a serial reaction time task in Parkinson's disease: evidence for a dissociable form of sequence learning</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropsychologia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">analogical transfer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parkinson's disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sequence learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">serial reaction time</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sbri.fr/files/publications/dominey1997neuropsych.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-9</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Several studies of procedural learning in Parkinson's disease (PD) have demonstrated that these patients are impaired&lt;br /&gt;
with respect to age-matched control subjects. In order to examine more closely the specific impairment, we considered three&lt;br /&gt;
dimensions along which a procedural learning task could vary. These are: (1) implicit vs explicit learning, (2) instance vs rule learning,&lt;br /&gt;
and (3) learning with internal vs external error correction. We consider two hypotheses that could explain the impairments observed&lt;br /&gt;
in PD for different types of explicit motor learning: (H1) an impairment related to the acquisition of rules vs specific instances, and&lt;br /&gt;
(H2) an impairment in learning when no explicit error feedback is provided. In order to examine the condition of rule learning with&lt;br /&gt;
external error feedback, we developed a modified version of the serial reaction time (SRT) protocol that tests analogical transfer in&lt;br /&gt;
sequence learning (ATSL). Reaction times are measured for responses to visual stimuli that appear in several different repeating&lt;br /&gt;
sequences. While these isomorphic sequences are different, they share a common rule. Verbatim learning of a sequence would result&lt;br /&gt;
in negative transfer from one sequence to a different one, while rule learning would result in positive transfer. Parkinson's patients&lt;br /&gt;
and age-matched controls demonstrate significant acquisition and positive transfer of the rule between sequences. Our results&lt;br /&gt;
demonstrate that PD patients are capable of learning and transferring rule or schema-based representations in an explicit learning&lt;br /&gt;
format, and that this form of learning may be functionally distinct from learning mechanisms that rely on representations of the&lt;br /&gt;
verbatim or statistical structure of sequences. Copyright @'~ 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>